Downloading and Installing the IPA Keyboard
Here are some more detailed instructions on installing and using the IPA keyboard for Macs.
First, download the installer, double click it and you'll see something like this:
There are two files: the PDF file describes the keyboard, and the .keylayout file is what you want to install.
Move the .keylayout file to ~/Library/Keyboard Layouts/ on your computer. If you can't find the Library folder, open Finder, select Go > Go to Folder..., and type "~/Library/Keyboard Layouts/"
Then, go to System Preferences > Keyboard. Click the Input Sources tab.
Click the "+" sign on the bottom left, and in the dialog window that pops up, select Others > IPA Unicode 6.2(v1.5) MAC. Click "Add".
The IPA keyboard is now added to your Keyboard layouts.
To turn on the Keyboard Viewer, open System Preferences > Keyboard.
You can switch to the IPA keyboard by locating the Keyboard icon in your menu bar.
Click the flag icon, and select the IPA keyboard. On the menu, you can also turn on the Keyboard Viewer by selecting "Show Keyboard Viewer".
You don't need the keyboard viewer to type IPA, but it is pretty handy.
Adding IPA to the Emoji & Symbols Viewer
Another useful tool to know is the Character Viewer. It can be turned on when you click the keyboard icon and then select "Emoji & Symbols". You can click the settings icon on the top left corner and select "Customize list..." In the window that pops up, check "Phonetic Alphabet" and click "Done".
Now you can input phonetic symbols through the Emoji & Symbols viewer too.